Motherhood IVF Center & Fertility Treatment Clinic

Genetic Screening – PGT and PGD Testing

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Genetic Screening – PGT and PGD Testing

At Motherhood Fertility and IVF centers, we believe that no risks should be taken in securing a
healthy future for your unborn child. As a result, our genetic services are a crucial step in
determining a safe pregnancy with the best possible outcomes.

What is PGT?

  • Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) is the process of examining the embryo before it is transferred into a woman’s womb during IVF.
  • It is done by extracting a single or multiple cells from the embryo and analysing it in a laboratory to determine the genetic makeup of the entire embryo. This is done to determine if the embryo is healthy or if it carries any kind of genetic disorder (e.g., down syndrome, sickle cell anaemia, Duchenne muscular dystrophy etc).
  • Genetically healthy babies are transferred to the womb, while embryos with genetic defects are not transferred to prevent problems like implantation failure, miscarriages, and birth defects in the future.

There are 3 different types of PGT to accurately diagnose a range of genetic disorders.

  • PGT – A (Aneuploidy): This test checks for extra or missing chromosomes. Many conditions (like Down syndrome, Turner syndrome) can occur due to an abnormal number of chromosomes in any one of the 23 pairs. Such abnormalities are not inherited but are a result of the characteristics of a woman’s eggs. Aneuploid embryos increase the chances of miscarriages and IVF failure, making identification of this kind all the more important.
  • PGT – M (Monogenic): This test checks for single-gene mutations to avoid the chances of passing on inherited conditions to the embryo. These abnormalities are a result of a single mutated gene in the DNA which can lead to both fatal and nonfatal conditions alike. This test is useful in the early identification of conditions like cancer predisposition genes, Alzheimer’s disease, and Huntington disease.
  • PGT – SR (Structural Rearrangements): This test checks for any misarrangements among the chromosomes of an embryo. Common disorders resulting from structural abnormalities include Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, WAGR syndrome, DiGeorge syndrome etc.

To ensure a healthy pregnancy and baby, genetic testing is a vital step for a successful IVF procedure. Such tests not only pave the way for a healthy delivery, but also for the healthy future of the child.

FAQs

Preimplantation Genetic Testing or PGT refers to the test where the embryos are tested for abnormal chromosomes before they are transferred into the woman’s uterus. PGT or Preimplantation Genetic Screening is done using IVF or In Vitro Fertilization. In simple words, PGT is used to detect any abnormalities in embryos that have been developed with IVF.
PGT is necessary for anyone who has opted for IVF. The PGT can lower the patient’s risk of miscarriages and raise the chances of having a successful IVF cycle. It can also decrease the chances of having or conceiving a baby with chromosomal abnormalities.

“There are three different types of PGT”
1. Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy or PGT-A
2. Preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders or PGT-M
3. Preimplantation genetic testing for structural rearrangements or PGT-SR.

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First step towards infertility is correct diagnosis and NOT treatment.